Rock-drill.



PATNTED SEPT. 1l, 1906.

C. H. SHAW.

ROCK DRILL. APPLIbATIoN FILED s1:PT.21, 1905.

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nucn rot- PATENTED SEPT. 11, 1906.

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C. H. SHAW. ROCK DRILL.

APPLIOATION FILED sBPT.z1,19o5.

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31 l. ven lfm'v CHAR-LES HENRY SHAW, OF DENVER., COLORADO.

ROCK-'DFHLL Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 11, 1906.

Application tiled September 2l, 1905. Serial No. 279,491.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES HENRY SHAW, a citizen of the United States, residingat Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and usefull Improvements in Rock-Drills, and l do hereby declare the following to b'e a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertamsto 'make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in rock-drills, and particularly to drills in which means is provided for directing cleaning agents into the hole drilled for clearing it of cuttings or other debris It is the object of the invention, amongy a central longitut'linal sectional view through the principal part of a rock-drill, the passages for delivering air or water to the hollow drill being'particularly set forth, taken on line l l of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the drillcasing, the hollow piston carrying the same being shown in transverse section, as on line 2 2 of Fig. 6. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal section through the principal portion of the drill and its casing, the ,section being taken along the line of the water-inlet passage, as online 3 3 of Fig. 2, Fig. -t is a detail sectional view of a portion of the casing, showing the three-way pressurecontrolling valve. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional vicw through the drill-casing upon the linc r1, l) of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a view in elevation, partially broken away, of the drill-casing and with thc drillsupporting means shown in longitudinal section.

Thev present invention embracesl a rockdrill mechanism in which air or watcr under pressure is led through a hollow drill into the Vhole which `is cut thereby, so as to clear the same from cuttings, dirt, or other debris, and the structure is such that air may be used alone or water alone, or the two {luid-s may be used interchangeably. lThe drill* is also so constructed that fluid under pressure may be used for holding the drill to its work, the fluid being led into an expansible feeding device.

I have illustrated in the drawings the preferable manner of constructing my improved drill, and in, the said drawings 1 indicates the drill-casing, which is formed with a central compartment and guides for a reciprocating hammer or piston 2. The structure of the piston or hammer 2 may be a usual or ordlnary one, and fluid under pressure for operating the same is introduced throu rh a passage 5, formed in the casing and lea inO' from an inlet 4 past a controllingvalve-6- preferably operate the said hammer by pneumatic power, the connection at 4 being with compressed-air-supply pipe. Since the particular operation of the piston or hammer 2 does not form an essential feature of the pres ent invention, it does not require a full description at this point.

One end of the drill-casing receives the drill 3, which will be hereinafter more fully described. The other end of the casing is secured to the` drill 4supporting and feedlng mechanism, which is operable by the air-pressure. which is delivered into thc casing of the drill. One end of the said casing 1 is bored to a suitable size to receive thc enlarged end of a supporting `and feeding piston 9. This bored portion of the casing is provided with internal threads which engage external threads formed upon the end of said piston 0. In the said threaded bore of the casing an annular depression or groove l() is formed for distributing the fluid introduced into the casing through the inlet 4. The external screw-threads upon thc inner end of the piston t) are interrupted opposite the groove l() to complete thc formation of the distributing-passtigc. Fluid under pressure is led from the passage 5 to the said distributinggroove l O by a passage 7, formed in the casing l and clearly illustrated in Figs. l and 6.

'lhc piston t) is madc hollow for the greater portion. ot its length, the saidpiston being provided with a central bore or passage lt. 'lhc inner cud oll the said piston t) is closed, and conimunication is established between thc annular distrihating-groove l() and the bore lt otI the piston t) through passages 8, which'cxtend across the end of the said bore t6 and to the periphery of theI thrcadcd IOG IIO

' uting-groove 1() at'any point will find its way through the passages 8 into the 'bore of the piston 9 and may then be led in to the expansible holder for forcing the drill to its Work.

The piston 9,-'which carries and supportsA the casing 1, is preferably rigidly held in position in the threaded bore by means of a oeknut 'or' collar 11', which is screwedupon the threads of the piston 9 and is 'provided with aperipheral flange. having ratchet-teeth 12v The said ratchet-teethl upon its inner face. 12 'are engaged by areciprocating latch 13, mounted in a'socket formed in the casing 1, the said latch being normally forced against the ratchet-teeth j by a coiled spring 14, mounted in the said. socket. An operating A projection 15 is formed upon the latch and screwed from its projects through a slot in t e casing by which the latch may be retracted when the pistonE with its locking-nut or collar 1 1 is to be u nosition. d As already intimated, the piston 9 forms `one memberof the expansible support for the drill, the other member being made up of a sleeve or cylindrical Casing 42, which telescopes upon the other end of the said y iston The end ofthe sleeve 42 which is s ipped upon the piston carries a cap 45, which holds The outer end of the apacking 46 in place.

lug 43, into which is sleeve 42 carries a screwed a pin 44.

between thevend of the piston 9 and the lug 43 to form a fluid-receiving chamber, which is in communication with the bore 16 of the said piston. The end of the iston 9 which extends into the sleeve 42 is a so packed, thev packing, as at 51, being seated on an annular shoulder formed upon the said piston, While a nut 50 holds the same in lace. The nut 50 is carried upon the threa s of a set-screw 47, which is screwed into the end of the said piston 9. A lock-nut 52A holds the said nut 50 in place. The set-screw 47 is provided with a central bore 49 for connecting the bore 16 with'the pressure-chamber 48. It will be seen that when placing the pin against a support, wall, rock, or other abutment opposite the point to be drilled and introducing fluid under pressure through the bore 16 into Ithe chamber 48 the piston 9 will be forced outwardlyz in the casing 42 for forcing the drillcasing and the drill against the materialibeing operated upon. As stated heretofore, air under pressure is preferably used for this purpose. of the casing 1, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 6, by which the drill may be properly directed and steadied in position. Suitable provision is also made' for deliversuflicient space is left bushing havin A handle 17 is secured in the side ing water to the hollowdrill 3, and a water connection is establishedat -18 with any suit-- able source of water delivered under pressure. Leading from the Water-inlet passage 18 and extending longitudinally through the wa'lls ofthe casing 1 is'ffza passage 23, the` said passage extending to a point op osite a hollow portion of the drill 3. At t `s point the passage V23 communicates with oppositely-diverging passages 24, which lead into charnbers 25, formed in oppositely-extending enlargements provided at thedrill end of the casing-1.. Near the inlet end of the passage 23 a three-way valve 19 is mounted in thecasing, the said valve having a bore or' transversely-extending port 20, preferably of the samesize as the passage 23. Extending at right anglesto the said transverse port 20 is a smaller port 21. When the valve 19 isset, as shown in Fig. 3, communication is established between the water-supply and the passage 23 and water is led into the chambers 25 and thence into the hollow drill, as will be hereinafter described. When the air under pressure is to be led to the drill, the passage 23 is also used, and in order to deliver the air thereto a connecting-passage' 22 is formed in the casing so as tojleadfrom the distributing ring or groove '10 to the valve-seat of the valve 19, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. When the valve 19 isin-the osition shown in Fig.

3, the solid portion o the valve is brought across the end of the passage 22, and the air is checkedat that point. When, however, air is to be used at the drill i'n the place of water, the valve 19 is turned `to the position shown in Fig. 4. This operates to cut off the water-supply at the inlet 18 and communication is established through the ports 20 and 21 of the valve between the passage 22 and the passage 23.- 'ln thismanner'the'air under pressure which is normally maintained in the distributing-groove 10 will be led to the drill. The valve 19, as well as thel valve 6, maybe controlled in any suitable manner and usually by a si-mple hand-lever or. other form of handle-such, for instance, as Ashown in'Fig'. 6. f

The manner of mounting the drill in the casingand the modelof delivering the fluids under pressure thereto forms an important feature of the invention and will now be 'set forth. The inner vend of the drill 3 is formed with a many-sided end, being preferably hexagonal in shape, the hexagonal portion projecting through abushing 30, which is mounted in a recess in the casing 1, said at its innervend a portion which fits snug y upon the hexagonal part of the drill. The inner end of the `d rill rejects beyond said bushing and into the ammer or piston chamber a sufficient distance to permit" of its receiving the strokes of said hammer or piston. The bushing. 30 operates to prevent the turning of the' drill inthe IOO .IIS

with o positely-arranged flat faces.

casing 1. .Of course the drill may' be turned in the hole which is bored b turning the casing 1 through the agency of the handle 17.

At a point adjacent to the bushing 30 the drill 3 is somewhat enlarged and is formed Atransverse ore or passage 27 extends through said enlar ed portion 26 and communicates with the gore or central passage 28` of the said drill 3. In delivering the fluid under pressure to the hollow drill it is desirable that connecting means be employed which is Acapable of forming a tight joint with the drill, ut which will not interfere in the least with the withdrawal or replacement of the drill.

As shown in Fig; 1, the oppositely-extending enlargements at thedrill end of the casing are formed with sockets or chambers 25, in Which'are seated bushings 31, and in the said bushings are movably-arranged pistons The inner ends of the pistons are extended through the bushings 31 and to a point adj acent to the drill and are formed with sockets which receive and hold, yieldinrr couplingtubes 33. The ends of the said couplingtubes 33 are adapted to fit over the outer ends of the passage 27 in the drill, and when .the said'tubes are pressed against the drill a tight joint will be formed at this point for the delivery of fluid into the passages of the drill. A packing-washer 38 is secured upon the head of each piston 32, so as to form a lsnug joint between the same and the innersurface of the bushings 31`. These Washers, as well as the tubes 33, are preferably formed of rubber. The washers 38 are clamped in position by metallic washers 39 and set-screws 34. The said set-screws 34 are formed with central bores for establishing communication between the chambers 35 and the tubes Springs 37, preferably of the coiled type, are seated within the bushings 31 and operate to carry the pistons away from the drill when there is no pressure in the chambers 25. The tubes 33 will thus be retracted from their engagement with the drill when the pressure is released. It, will be evident from this construction that as soon as either air or water under pressure enters the chambers 25 the pistons 32 will be instantly driven inwardly to firmly press the tubes against the squared faces of the drill aroundthe passage 27. As soon as the pressure is relieved by turning it ofi' at any suitable point the springs 37 will carry the pistons 32 outwardly again an d separate the tubes 33 from the drill 3, and the drill can be removed or replaced as required.

In the operation of the drill the pin 44 is set against a suitable abutment and fluid under pressure is turned on through the inlet 4. It will immediately pass through the passage 7 into the distributing-groove 10 and thence through the piston 9 into the chamber 48 to force said piston outwardly and the drill against its work. By turning the valve 6 the same air-pressure is delivered to the hammer 2 for operating the drill. In the meantime if water is to be used in clearing the drill-hole the valve 19 is turned as indicated in Fig. 3, and water under pressure introducec at 18 is ermitted to pass through the passagel 23 and) thence throu' h the passages Z4 into the chambers 25. he pressure of the water will immediately set the tubes 33 against the drill, and the water ma then pass into the hollow` bore of the dril to be delivered into the drill-hole. If it is desired to use air instead of. water for the drill, the valve 19 is turned, as in Fig. 4, so'as to cut off the water-supply and establish connection between the passage 23 and the distributing-cu'oove 1t). Air will then pass through the vave 19 and reach the drill 3 in the same manner as described with respect to the water. It will thus be seen that air or water under pressure may be used in the drill for clearing the cuttings and that the change from one to the other can be quickly accomplished merely by the turning of the valve 19. It is sometimes advantageous to use air and water under pressure in alternation, and of course the mechanism described is eminently practical for this urpose. mechanism is simple and not li ely to get out of order and yet 'very effective for the purposes desired. i

The outer ends of the chambers 25 are closed by removable plugs 40, which are screwed into place, as shown in Fig. 1. By this means ready access is had to the coupling mechanism mounted in these chambers.

It will be noted that the flexible tubes 33 permit of the rapid reciprocating strokes of the drill under the action of the hammer and yet maintain a close joint between the parts.A

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new, :1nd desire to secure by Letters Patent, is--- l. ln a drill mechanism, a casing, a hollow drill-shank inserted in the casing and provided with a lateral opening, a cylinder formed within L he easing adjacent the shank,

a hollow piston mounted to reciprocate within the cy inder, an elastic packing carried by the piston and in Contact with the shank, a

duct forming' communication between the easing and the cylinder and opening in the rear of the piston, and :means to admit fluid under pressure to the casing. j

2. In a drill inechanisn'i, a casing, a hollow drill-shank inserted in the easing and provided with a lateral opening, a cylinder formed within the casing adjacent the shank, a hollow )iston mounted to reciprocatewithin the cylinder, a hollow elastic packing carried by the piston, and forming communication between the lateral opening of the shank and the passage through the piston, a duet forming communication between the casing Thei li ing communication wit the drill, yieldingl couplings carried by said piston, and

means for retracting the vpiston when not under pressure., the fluid under pressure operating to hold the. yielding couplings tightly againstthe drill.

5. A drill mechanism comprising a casing, a hollow drill, and a drill-driving mechanism, the casing being provided with passages for delivering iluid under pressure to the hollow drill, normally released couplings capable of lestablishing communication with the Adrill for said fluid, springs for retract'ing said couplings, and means whereby the fluid forces the -couplings against and into communication with the drill, and means for holding the drill from turning with respect to said couplings.

6. A drill mechanism comprising a casing, a hollowvdrill., and. a drill-driving device, the casing having passages for delivering iluid under pressure to the hollow drill, oppositelyarranged couplings tor establishing connectionI with the drill comprising reciprocating pistons, yielding tubular extensions therefor, guiding bushings for the pistons, springs for normally forcing vthe pistons away from the drill, and means tor packing the movement i of the pistons, the 'fluid under pressure operating to drive the pistons in contact with the drill with suiicient force to prevent 'the leakage of fluid at this point, the springs operating to release the drill when the pressure is checked.

7. A drill mechanism comprising a casing, capable of receiving a hollow drill, a drilldriving device therefor, the casing being provided with va longitudinaliy-cxtending passage, branching passages being also provided and leading to points on opposite sides oi" the drill, piston-couplings mounted in the casing upon opposite sides of the drill for establishing a connection with the hollow portion of -the drill, and retracting means for said piston-couplings, the fluid under pressure which achent to the drill, ho low istons i'or estab-v s -is to be delivereditothe drill operatingito torce the coupling's'towardeach other to grip the drill between them.

8. in a drill mechanism, a casing, a hollow drill-shank inserted in the casing and provided with a lateralA opening, a -cylinder formed within the casin adjacent the shank,

A a hollow iston mounte to reciprocate Within the cy inder, a hollow elasticpacking carried by the iston t'o form communication between the ateral opening andthe passage through the piston, a resilient member bearing against the piston and Aarranged to hold' the elastic packing normally out ofV contact with the shank, and means to admit fluid under pressure in the rear of the piston to force the elastic packing into vcontact with the shank, and' to com lete the passage from the cylinder through t ie piston and packing into the hollow shank.

9. A drill mechanism comprising a casing,-

ahollow drill mounted in said casing, means within the casing for driving the drill, a cylinder, a piston within the cylinder and carrying the casing and having an annular fluid- .distributing' groove formed around it in communication with a source of compressed-air supply, means for introducing liquid under pressure into the casing, the casing being provided with a assage leading therefrom to the hollow dril a valve rovided with a transverse port, and 'a latera port, and so arrangedthat the turning of the valve selectively cuts oil either the air or the water Jfrom the passage which leads to the drill. i

' l0. ln a drill mechanism, a casing, a hollow drill-shank inserted in the casing and .provided with` a lateral opening, tori-ned within the casing adjacent the shank, v

a Cylinder a hollow piston mounted to reciprocate within the cylinder, a hollow elastic packing carried` by the piston and arranged to form communication between the lateral opening and the passage through the piston, a resilient member arranged tobear against the piston and hold the packing nornially out of contact with the shank, a duct forming communica- IOO tion between the casing and vthe cylinder and I opening inthe rear of the piston, andmeans to admit fluid under pressure to the casing, and through the medium of the duct against the rear oi' the piston to hold the velastic c packing in contact with the hollow'shank.

IIO

ln testimony whereof l aliix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ci-iiinnns HENRY SHAW.

l/Vitn csses:

(tinta Winrar-man, W. B. Sini'iruo. 

